Vitamin D For Cattle
Vitamin D3 toxicity is most commonly an iatrogenic condition and is associated with excessive single or repeated parenteral or oral doses of vitamin D3. Clinical signs include anorexia, weight loss, and acetonemia. Excessive doses can lead to tachycardia, lameness, recumbency, and death. Diagnosis is based on history and clinical signs. No effective treatments for vitamin D toxicosis are available.
Animals with vitamin D3 intoxication become anorectic, lose weight, and develop acetonemia within 2–3 weeks after the overdose. Tachycardia, shallow breathing, and lameness, followed by weakness, recumbency, and even death can be seen in animals with vitamin D3 toxicosis.
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Based on history of exposure and clinical signs
Diagnosis of vitamin D3 toxicity is usually based on a history of repeated vitamin D3 injections in combination with the clinical signs mentioned above. Affected animals tend to show hyperphosphatemia, mildly to moderately elevated blood calcium concentrations, and increased renal calcium and phosphorus excretion. 25(OH)-D3 can be measured in serum during or shortly after ongoing vitamin D intoxication.
No practical treatment for vitamin D3 toxicity is currently available. Education of producers concerning the risks and toxic dose of parenterally administered vitamin D3 will help avoid accidental overdoses.
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Vitamin D3 toxicity is most commonly an iatrogenic problem.
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Increased and prolonged absorption of calcium and phosphorus beyond requirements results in soft tissue mineralization.
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No specific treatment is available.
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Littledike ET, Horst RL: Vitamin D3toxicity in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 1982;65:749-759
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Source: https://www.msdvetmanual.com/musculoskeletal-system/dystrophies-associated-with-calcium,-phosphorus,-and-vitamin-d/vitamin-d3-toxicity-in-cattle
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